20
Minutes
30
Questions
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Marking
Q1. 1. A breeder wants to know if a tall pea plant (showing the dominant trait) is homozygous (TT) or heterozygous (Tt). Which cross would be most effective to determine this?
Cross it with another tall plant (TT).
Self-pollinate the plant.
Cross it with a short plant (tt).
Cross it with a heterozygous plant (Tt).
Q2. 2. In a dihybrid cross (RrYy x RrYy), what fraction of the offspring are expected to have the genotype rrYy (wrinkled, yellow)?
1/16
2/16 (or 1/8)
3/16
9/16
Q3. 3. A student observes that a caterpillar which feeds on a specific leaf turns green, but its offspring are blue. The green color in the caterpillar is an example of:
An acquired trait.
An inherited trait.
A mutation.
A recessive allele.
Q4. 4. (HOTS) Mendel's Law of Segregation states that during gamete formation, the two alleles for a trait...
...blend together to form a new allele.
...assort independently of other genes.
...mutate into new forms.
...separate, so that each gamete receives only one.
Q5. 5. In the F2 generation of a monohybrid cross (from Tt x Tt), 160 plants are produced. How many of these are expected to be homozygous dominant (TT)?
120
80
40
160
Q6. 6. The Y chromosome in humans is crucial for sex determination because it:
Carries the gene that triggers male development.
Is inherited from the mother.
Is larger than the X chromosome.
Carries genes for both male and female traits.
Q7. 7. In a RrYy x RrYy cross (Round/Yellow dominant), what fraction of the offspring will show the phenotype Round and Green (R_yy)?
9/16
1/16
3/16
2/16
Q8. 8. A cross between two pea plants (Parents P1) produces offspring (F1) where all individuals show the dominant phenotype. Which of these could have been the parental cross (P1)?
Tt x Tt
Tt x tt
TT x Tt
Rr x rr
Q9. 9. What is the functional segment of DNA that provides information for one protein (or functional RNA molecule)?
A chromosome
A nucleus
A gene
A gamete
Q10. 10. When Mendel crossed pure-bred tall (TT) and short (tt) plants, the F1 generation (Tt) was all tall. This is because:
The 't' (short) allele was lost.
The 'T' (tall) allele is dominant over the 't' allele.
The F1 plants were all 'TT'.
The 't' allele changed into a 'T' allele.
Q11. 11. What is the probability of a plant with genotype RrYy producing a gamete carrying the alleles ry?
1/2 (50%)
1/4 (25%)
1/8 (12.5%)
3/4 (75%)
Q12. 12. A pea plant is heterozygous for both tallness (Tt) and green pods (Gg). (T is dominant to t, G is dominant to g). What is the plant's phenotype?
Tall, yellow pods
Short, green pods
Tall, green pods
Short, yellow pods
Q13. 13. A normal human sperm cell contains 23 chromosomes. How many of these are autosomes (non-sex chromosomes)?
23
22
1
46
Q14. 14. Mendel's laws of segregation and independent assortment are the genetic basis for:
Asexual reproduction
Acquired characteristics
Genetic variation in offspring
Clones
Q15. 15. A dihybrid test cross (RrYy x rryy) yields offspring in a 1:1:1:1 phenotypic ratio (Round-Yellow : Round-Green : Wrinkled-Yellow : Wrinkled-Green). This result demonstrates:
The Law of Dominance
The Law of Independent Assortment
The 3:1 ratio
The 1:2:1 ratio
...and 15 more challenging questions available in the interactive simulator.